Adult multipotent stromal cell technology for bone regeneration: a review.

Since the discovery of bone marrow derived stromal cell osteogenesis in the 1960s, tissue engineering with adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) has evolved as a promising approach to restore structure and function of bone compromised by injury or disease. To date, accelerated bone formation with MSCs has been demonstrated with a variety of tissue engineering strategies. Though MSC bone tissue engineering has advanced over the last few decades, limitations to clinical translation remain. A current review of this promising field is presented with a specific focus on equine investigations.